Sarkar M, Madabhavi I, Niranjan N, Dogra M. D-dimer blood test: This checks for a pulmonary embolism.Complete blood count (CBC): This is a standard blood test.Bronchoscopy: Doctors insert a scope with a camera into your lungs.Laryngoscopy: A tube is inserted through the mouth to view the voice box.Sputum cytology/culture: This test checks for bacterial infections. Lung plethysmography: Doctors use this to check for restrictive lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Pulmonary function tests: These measure how well your lungs work.Arterial blood gases (ABGs): This shows how well your lungs move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide.Oximetry: This measures oxygen levels in the blood.Ventilation/perfusion (VQ) scan: Doctors can see airways and blood flow to the lungs.Chest CT scan: To look for tumors, foreign bodies, and much more.Lateral soft tissue X-ray of the neck: This shows adenoids and tonsils when they're enlarged, the oral and nasal airways, part of the trachea (windpipe), and the epiglottis.For example, about 30% of missed lung cancers occur due to scanning errors when reading chest X-rays. Chest X-ray: It's important to note that while a chest X-ray can be very helpful in diagnosis, a negative chest X-ray can't necessarily rule out several lung conditions.Mental status: Confusion or loss of consciousness may occur due to low oxygen levels ( hypoxia).Gum disease/dental decay: Dental infections and decay may suggest a lung abscess or aspiration pneumonia.Lymph nodes: Enlarged lymph nodes just above the collar bones (supraclavicular lymph nodes) or neck (cervical lymph nodes) may be associated with lung cancer or lymphomas in the chest.Use of accessory muscles: The diaphragm is the primary muscle used in breathing, but with respiratory distress, the use of accessory muscles in the neck and chest can sometimes be a telltale sign of trouble.
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